One of the most frequent symptom in cardiac auscultation
It seems that the most common pathologic sign in cardiac auscultation is fourth heart sound S4. When I was learning heart auscultation many years ago, it was hard to me to understand and hear S4 because of its close proximity to first heart sound S1.
S4 corresponds to atrial contraction. It is probably always abnormal sign. You could imagine sequence S4-S1 like stairs with two steps: the first step is S4, the second one is S1. S4 is a lower step and S1 is an upper one. S4 consists of low frequencies only, S1 contains low and high frequencies. Imagine stairs with two steps when you hear S4.

Very frequently Acute MI is associated with loud S4. Here is an example. Use headphones for better hearing.
Watch the video and listen the fourth heart sound
Pansistolic murmur after MI, what is the diagnosis?
Pansistolic murmur after MI, what is the diagnosis?The case which I will describe now has two fascinating features. Firstly, accurate auscultation led to correct diagnosis, while high technology imaging tests performed previously missed significant lesion. Secondly, the auscultatory picture was very bright, and its careful analysis is edifying. 
Continue reading...
A case of big abdominal aortic aneurysm, clearly visible under anterior abdominal wall, video
In most cases abdominal aortic aneurysms are not visible. But here is an unusual case of a sizeable abdominal aortic aneurysm, pulsation of which was clearly evident on the anterior abdominal wall. See the video below.
Watch the video about abdominal aortic aneurysm
How to perform heart auscultation: do minimum, hear everything
How to perform heart auscultation: do minimum, hear everythingSo, here you are with stethoscope in your hands facing your first patient. Or maybe not the first?
Auscultation has to be performed quickly but without any omissions. One more time: quickly and comprehensively.
The rest is in the slideshow.
See slideshow «How to perform heart auscultation»
Carotid arteries clearly visible under the skin
Careful inspection can quickly give us important diagnostic information. Some observations are unusual and intriguing. I will try to publish such cases. And I will be glad to publish something yours if you send them to me.
Carotid arteries clearly visible under the skin, case...
How to use a stethoscope?
How to use a stethoscope?We gave some advice how to choose a stethoscope earlier. Now, let's talk about how to use it.
Learn how to use a stethoscope
How to choose a stethoscope, video
There are many different stethoscopes on the market. Some of them are cheap, others are very expensive.. You can buy conventional or digital stethoscope. Your ability to hear heart sound depends on the quality of your stethoscope. Your stethoscope can be used for many years.
So, to choose a stethoscope is like to choose a friend. In this video we will give you some necessary advice.
Watch the video
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